Compare Norfolk Island (2005) - Singapore (2006)

Compare Norfolk Island (2005) z Singapore (2006)

	Norfolk Island (2005)	Singapore (2006)

Administrative divisions	none (territory of Australia)	none
Age structure	0-14 years: 20.2% 15-64 years: 63.9% 65 years and over: 15.9% (2005 est.)	0-14 years: 15.6% (male 362,329/female 337,964) 15-64 years: 76.1% (male 1,666,709/female 1,750,736) 65 years and over: 8.3% (male 165,823/female 208,589) (2006 est.)
Agriculture - products	Norfolk Island pine seed, Kentia palm seed, cereals, vegetables, fruit; cattle, poultry	rubber, copra, fruit, orchids, vegetables; poultry, eggs; fish, ornamental fish
Airports	1 (2004 est.)	9 (2006)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2004 est.)	total: 9 over 3,047 m: 2 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 4 914 to 1,523 m: 1 under 914 m: 1 (2006)
Area	total: 34.6 sq km land: 34.6 sq km water: 0 sq km	total: 692.7 sq km land: 682.7 sq km water: 10 sq km
Area - comparative	about 0.2 times the size of Washington, DC	slightly more than 3.5 times the size of Washington, DC
Background	Two British attempts at establishing the island as a penal colony (1788-1814 and 1825-55) were ultimately abandoned. In 1856, the island was resettled by Pitcairn Islanders, descendants of the Bounty mutineers and their Tahitian companions.	Singapore was founded as a British trading colony in 1819. It joined the Malaysian Federation in 1963 but separated two years later and became independent. Singapore subsequently became one of the world's most prosperous countries with strong international trading links (its port is one of the world's busiest in terms of tonnage handled) and with per capita GDP equal to that of the leading nations of Western Europe.
Birth rate	NA	9.34 births/1,000 population (2006 est.)
Budget	revenues: $20 million expenditures: $20 million, including capital expenditures of $2 million (FY99/00)	revenues: $18.67 billion expenditures: $18.21 billion; including capital expenditures of $5.1 billion (2005 est.)
Capital	Kingston	name: Singapore geographic coordinates: 1 17 N, 103 51 E time difference: UTC+8 (13 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
Climate	subtropical; mild, little seasonal temperature variation	tropical; hot, humid, rainy; two distinct monsoon seasons - Northeastern monsoon (December to March) and Southwestern monsoon (June to September); inter-monsoon - frequent afternoon and early evening thunderstorms
Coastline	32 km	193 km
Constitution	Norfolk Island Act of 1979	3 June 1959; amended 1965 (based on preindependence State of Singapore Constitution)
Country name	conventional long form: Territory of Norfolk Island conventional short form: Norfolk Island	conventional long form: Republic of Singapore conventional short form: Singapore local long form: Republic of Singapore local short form: Singapore
Death rate	NA	4.28 deaths/1,000 population (2006 est.)
Debt - external	NA	$23.76 billion (2005 est.)
Dependency status	territory of Australia; Canberra administers Commonwealth responsibilities on Norfolk Island through the Department of Environment, Sport, and Territories	-
Diplomatic representation from the US	none (territory of Australia)	chief of mission: Ambassador Patricia L. HERBOLD embassy: 27 Napier Road, Singapore 258508 mailing address: FPO AP 96507-0001 telephone: [65] 6476-9100 FAX: [65] 6476-9340
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (territory of Australia)	chief of mission: Ambassador CHAN Heng Chee chancery: 3501 International Place NW, Washington, DC 20008 telephone: [1] (202) 537-3100 FAX: [1] (202) 537-0876 consulate(s) general: San Francisco consulate(s): New York
Disputes - international	none	disputes persist with Malaysia over deliveries of fresh water to Singapore, Singapore's extensive land reclamation works, bridge construction, maritime boundaries, and Pedra Branca Island/Pulau Batu Putih - parties agree to ICJ arbitration on island dispute within three years; Indonesia and Singapore pledged in 2005 to finalize their 1973 maritime boundary agreement by defining unresolved areas north of Batam Island; piracy remains a problem in the Malacca Strait
Economic aid - recipient	NA	$NA
Economy - overview	Tourism, the primary economic activity, has steadily increased over the years and has brought a level of prosperity unusual among inhabitants of the Pacific islands. The agricultural sector has become self-sufficient in the production of beef, poultry, and eggs.	Singapore, a highly-developed and successful free-market economy, enjoys a remarkably open and corruption-free environment, stable prices, and a per capita GDP equal to that of the four largest West European countries. The economy depends heavily on exports, particularly in electronics and manufacturing. It was hard hit in 2001-03 by the global recession, by the slump in the technology sector, and by an outbreak of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) in 2003, which curbed tourism and consumer spending. The government hopes to establish a new growth path that will be less vulnerable to the external business cycle and will continue efforts to establish Singapore as Southeast Asia's financial and high-tech hub. Fiscal stimulus, low interest rates, a surge in exports, and internal flexibility led to vigorous growth in 2004, with real GDP rising by 8% - by far the economy's best performance since 2000 - but growth slowed to 5.7% in 2005.
Electricity - consumption	NA kWh	33.2 billion kWh (2004)
Electricity - exports	-	0 kWh (2004)
Electricity - imports	-	0 kWh (2004)
Electricity - production	NA kWh	36.8 billion kWh (2004)
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: Mount Bates 319 m	lowest point: Singapore Strait 0 m highest point: Bukit Timah 166 m
Environment - current issues	NA	industrial pollution; limited natural fresh water resources; limited land availability presents waste disposal problems; seasonal smoke/haze resulting from forest fires in Indonesia
Environment - international agreements	-	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups	descendants of the Bounty mutineers, Australian, New Zealander, Polynesians	Chinese 76.8%, Malay 13.9%, Indian 7.9%, other 1.4% (2000 census)
Exchange rates	Australian dollars per US dollar - 1.3598 (2004), 1.5419 (2003), 1.8406 (2002), 1.9334 (2001), 1.7248 (2000)	Singapore dollars per US dollar - 1.6644 (2005), 1.6902 (2004), 1.7422 (2003), 1.7906 (2002), 1.7917 (2001)
Executive branch	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); the UK and Australia are represented by Administrator Grant TAMBLING (since 1 November 2003) head of government: Assembly President and Chief Minister Geoffrey Robert GARDNER (since 5 December 2001) cabinet: Executive Council is made up of four of the nine members of the Legislative Assembly; the council devises government policy and acts as an advisor to the administrator elections: the monarch is hereditary; administrator appointed by the governor general of Australia; chief minister elected by the Legislative Assembly for a term of not more than three years; election last held 20 Ocotber 2004 (next to be held by December 2007) election results: Geoffrey Robert GARDNER elected chief minister; percent of Legislative Assembly vote - 17.2%	chief of state: President S. R. NATHAN (since 1 September 1999) note: uses S. R. NATHAN but his full name and the one used in formal communications is Sellapan RAMANATHAN head of government: Prime Minister LEE Hsien Loong (since 12 August 2004); Deputy Prime Minister Shunmugan JAYAKUMAR (since 12 August 2004); Deputy Prime Minister WONG Kan Seng (since 1 September 2005); Senior Minister GOH Chok Tong (since 12 August 2004); Minister Mentor LEE Kuan Yew (since 12 August 2004) cabinet: appointed by president, responsible to parliament elections: president elected by popular vote for six-year term; last appointed 17 August 2005 - see note (next election to be held by August 2011); following legislative elections, leader of majority party or leader of majority coalition is usually appointed prime minister by president; deputy prime ministers appointed by president election results: Sellapan Rama (S. R.) NATHAN appointed president in August 2005 after Presidential Elections Committee disqualified three other would-be candidates; scheduled election not held
Exports	$1.5 million f.o.b. (FY99/00)	NA bbl/day
Exports - commodities	postage stamps, seeds of the Norfolk Island pine and Kentia palm, small quantities of avocados	machinery and equipment (including electronics), consumer goods, chemicals, mineral fuels
Exports - partners	Australia, other Pacific island countries, NZ, Asia, Europe	Malaysia 14.7%, US 11.5%, Indonesia 10.7%, Hong Kong 10.4%, China 9.5%, Japan 6%, Thailand 4.5%, Australia 4.1% (2005)
Fiscal year	1 July - 30 June	1 April - 31 March
Flag description	three vertical bands of green (hoist side), white, and green with a large green Norfolk Island pine tree centered in the slightly wider white band	two equal horizontal bands of red (top) and white; near the hoist side of the red band, there is a vertical, white crescent (closed portion is toward the hoist side) partially enclosing five white five-pointed stars arranged in a circle
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: NA industry: NA services: NA	agriculture: 0% industry: 33.9% services: 66.1% (2005 est.)
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - NA	-
GDP - real growth rate	NA	6.4% (2005 est.)
Geographic coordinates	29 02 S, 167 57 E	1 22 N, 103 48 E
Geography - note	most of the 32-km coastline consists of almost inaccessible cliffs, but the land slopes down to the sea in one small southern area on Sydney Bay, where the capital of Kingston is situated	focal point for Southeast Asian sea routes
Highways	total: 80 km paved: 53 km unpaved: 27 km (2001)	-
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA highest 10%: NA	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%
Illicit drugs	-	as a transportation and financial services hub, Singapore is vulnerable, despite strict laws and enforcement, as a venue for money laundering
Imports	$17.9 million c.i.f. (FY91/92)	NA bbl/day
Imports - commodities	NA	machinery and equipment, mineral fuels, chemicals, foodstuffs
Imports - partners	Australia, other Pacific island countries, NZ, Asia, Europe	Malaysia 14.4%, US 12.4%, China 10.8%, Japan 10.1%, Indonesia 5.5%, Saudi Arabia 4.7%, South Korea 4.5% (2005)
Independence	none (territory of Australia)	9 August 1965 (from Malaysian Federation)
Industrial production growth rate	NA	9.5% (2005 est.)
Industries	tourism, light industry, ready mixed concrete	electronics, chemicals, financial services, oil drilling equipment, petroleum refining, rubber processing and rubber products, processed food and beverages, ship repair, offshore platform construction, life sciences, entrepot trade
Infant mortality rate	total: NA male: NA female: NA	total: 2.29 deaths/1,000 live births male: 2.5 deaths/1,000 live births female: 2.07 deaths/1,000 live births (2006 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	NA	0.4% (2005 est.)
International organization participation	UPU	APEC, APT, ARF, AsDB, ASEAN, BIS, C, CP, EAS, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IPU, ISO, ITU, MIGA, NAM, OPCW, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UPU, WCL, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
Irrigated land	NA	NA
Judicial branch	Supreme Court; Court of Petty Sessions	Supreme Court (chief justice is appointed by the president with the advice of the prime minister, other judges are appointed by the president with the advice of the chief justice); Court of Appeals
Labor force	1,345	2.28 million (September 2005 est.)
Labor force - by occupation	tourism 90%, subsistence agriculture 10%	manufacturing 18%, construction 6%, transportation and communication 11%, financial, business, and other services 39%, other 26% (2003)
Land boundaries	0 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (2001)	arable land: 1.47% permanent crops: 1.47% other: 97.06% (2005)
Languages	English (official), Norfolk a mixture of 18th century English and ancient Tahitian	Mandarin 35%, English 23%, Malay 14.1%, Hokkien 11.4%, Cantonese 5.7%, Teochew 4.9%, Tamil 3.2%, other Chinese dialects 1.8%, other 0.9% (2000 census)
Legal system	based on the laws of Australia, local ordinances and acts; English common law applies in matters not covered by either Australian or Norfolk Island law	based on English common law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Legislative branch	unicameral Legislative Assembly (9 seats; members elected by electors who have nine equal votes each but only four votes can be given to any one candidate; members serve three-year terms) elections: last held 20 October 2004 (next to be held by December 2007) election results: percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 9 (note - no political parties)	unicameral Parliament (84 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms); note - in addition, there are up to nine nominated members; the losing opposition candidate who came closest to winning a seat may be appointed as a "nonconstituency" member elections: last held 6 May 2006 (next to be held in 2011) election results: percent of vote by party - PAP 66.6%, WP 16.3%, SDA 13%, SDP 4.1%; seats by party - PAP 82, WP 1, SDA 1
Life expectancy at birth	total population: NA male: NA female: NA	total population: 81.71 years male: 79.13 years female: 84.49 years (2006 est.)
Literacy	NA	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 92.5% male: 96.6% female: 88.6% (2002)
Location	Oceania, island in the South Pacific Ocean, east of Australia	Southeastern Asia, islands between Malaysia and Indonesia
Map references	Oceania	Southeast Asia
Maritime claims	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm	territorial sea: 3 nm exclusive fishing zone: within and beyond territorial sea, as defined in treaties and practice
Merchant marine	-	total: 1,063 ships (1000 GRT or over) 31,033,735 GRT/49,715,650 DWT by type: bulk carrier 155, cargo 87, chemical tanker 136, container 214, liquefied gas 53, livestock carrier 1, passenger/cargo 1, petroleum tanker 353, refrigerated cargo 10, roll on/roll off 2, specialized tanker 11, vehicle carrier 40 foreign-owned: 592 (Australia 7, Bangladesh 1, Belgium 12, China 23, Denmark 52, Germany 9, Greece 9, Hong Kong 50, India 5, Indonesia 56, Italy 2, Japan 100, South Korea 17, Malaysia 35, Netherlands 2, Norway 90, Philippines 5, Slovenia 1, Sweden 12, Taiwan 59, Thailand 22, UAE 7, UK 9, US 7) registered in other countries: 285 (Antigua and Barbuda 1, Bahamas 12, Belize 6, Bolivia 3, Cambodia 4, Cayman Islands 10, Cyprus 1, Dominica 9, France 2, Honduras 11, Hong Kong 24, Indonesia 17, Isle of Man 7, North Korea 1, Liberia 28, Malaysia 44, Marshall Islands 6, Mongolia 10, Nigeria 1, Panama 67, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 5, Thailand 6, Tuvalu 6, US 2, unknown 2) (2006)
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of Australia	-
Military branches	-	Singapore Armed Forces: Army, Navy, Republic of Singapore Air Force (includes Air Defense) (2006)
Military expenditures - dollar figure	-	$4.47 billion (FY01 est.)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	-	4.9% (FY01)
National holiday	Bounty Day (commemorates the arrival of Pitcairn Islanders), 8 June (1856)	National Day, 9 August (1965)
Nationality	noun: Norfolk Islander(s) adjective: Norfolk Islander(s)	noun: Singaporean(s) adjective: Singapore
Natural hazards	typhoons (especially May to July)	NA
Natural resources	fish	fish, deepwater ports
Net migration rate	NA	9.12 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2006 est.)
Pipelines	-	gas 139 km; refined products 8 km (2006)
Political parties and leaders	none	People's Action Party or PAP [LEE Hsien Loong]; Singapore Democratic Alliance or SDA [CHIAM See Tong]; Singapore Democratic Party or SDP [CHEE Soon Juan]; Workers' Party or WP [Sylvia LIM Swee Lian] note: SDA includes National Solidarity Party or NSP, Singapore Justice Party or SJP, Singapore National Malay Organization or PKMS, Singapore People's Party or SPP
Political pressure groups and leaders	none	NA
Population	1,828 (July 2005 est.)	4,492,150 (July 2006 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA	NA%
Population growth rate	-0.01% (2005 est.)	1.42% (2006 est.)
Ports and harbors	none; loading jetties at Kingston and Cascade	-
Radio broadcast stations	AM 1, FM 3, shortwave 0 (2005)	AM 0, FM 17, shortwave 2 (2003)
Religions	Anglican 34.9%, Roman Catholic 11.7%, Uniting Church in Australia 11.2%, Seventh-Day Adventist 2.8%, Australian Christian 2.4%, Jehovah's Witness 0.9%, other 2.7%, unspecified 15.3%, none 18.1% (2001 census)	Buddhist 42.5%, Muslim 14.9%, Taoist 8.5%, Hindu 4%, Catholic 4.8%, other Christian 9.8%, other 0.7%, none 14.8% (2000 census)
Sex ratio	NA	at birth: 1.08 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.07 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.95 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.8 male(s)/female total population: 0.96 male(s)/female (2006 est.)
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal	21 years of age; universal and compulsory
Telephone system	general assessment: adequate domestic: free local calls international: country code - 672; undersea coaxial cable links with Australia, New Zealand, and Canada; satellite earth station	general assessment: excellent service domestic: excellent domestic facilities; launched 3G wireless service in February 2005 international: country code - 65; 9 submarine cables provide direct connection to more than 100 countries; 4 satellite earth stations, supplemented by VSAT coverage
Telephones - main lines in use	2,532; note - a mix of analog (2500) and digital (32) circuits (2004)	1.848 million (2005)
Telephones - mobile cellular	0 (proposed cellular service disallowed in August 2002 island referendum) (2002)	4.385 million (2005)
Television broadcast stations	1 (local programming station plus two repeaters that bring in Australian programs by satellite) (2005)	1 (broadcasting on six channels); additional reception of numerous UHF and VHF signals originating in Malaysia and Indonesia; note - digital TV for reception in public spaces and transportation is transmitted from 10 sites (2006)
Terrain	volcanic formation with mostly rolling plains	lowland; gently undulating central plateau contains water catchment area and nature preserve
Total fertility rate	NA	1.06 children born/woman (2006 est.)
Unemployment rate	0%	3.1% (2005 est.)

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